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The purpose of study was to assess the lighting environment to suit the intended use of and consider the sensitivity of the residents in residential spaces; to investigate and classify the behavior of the occupants by varied living spaces; to derive physical quantities of a lighting environment appropriate for these various behaviors of the occupants; and to perform quantitative analysis on the visual impacts of illumination environmental components on the sensibilities of the users.
To this end, the following were performed: status analysis in the physical aspect for the lighting environment of residential spaces; emotional images and preference analysis based on the structural model for lighting environment assessment by space; surveys on residents’ behaviors by space and classification of behavior patterns; experiments to derive physical quantities of the proper lighting environment; and the impact assessment by CG simulation according to lighting environmental factors.
According to the results of the present study, the illumination range suggested as the basis showed a difference from the range applied to actual living spaces. In addition, it was confirmed that a criterion is necessary for the correlated color temperature as well as the presented items in the existing standards for the lighting environment considering the intended use of the space and the sensitivity of users. Also, a problem was identified that the existing lighting standards are subdivided so that they can respond to the needs of various users, but they are not reflected in the actual spaces.
Regarding the evaluation of the sensitivity of the lighting environment, it was analyzed that the sensitivity is affected by 'the physical characteristics of the lighting' related to the color temperature range of the light and brightness of the space, and also by 'characteristics of the lighting applications' related to the placement of the illumination source, the light distribution, and the architecture.
It was found that the behavior of space-specific users can be classified as 'rest', 'general', and 'work' behavior patterns according to the required brightness; and that there is a difference in the proper lighting environment depending on the space types and behavior patterns through the evaluation of illuminance and correlated color temperature.
For the quantitative analysis of the visual effects of lighting environment elements, the form of space, the correlated color temperature, and illumination rendering approach depending on the lighting area were selected as evaluation variables. The lighting applied to the ceiling had the most impact in the living room, and each element has an even affect in bedrooms. In addition, the lighting schemes applied to ceilings showed the largest impact in the lighting environment appropriate for the spatial behavior pattern.
The lighting plan is considered in this study to improve psychological and emotional satisfaction, and the functional satisfaction of the occupants of the residential space has been systematically assessed and analyzed within the applicable range at the present time. Based on the present study, integrated researches are recommended in the future to link various aspects including the architectural design, the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the lighting standards, and the development of lighting and control systems to be able to provide the best lighting environment for the establishment of a lighting environment which can respond to diversified future spaces.
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